A copyrightable work produced either by an employee within the scope of employment or by an independent contractor under a written agreement; esp., a work specially ordered or commissioned for use as (1) a contribution to a collective work, (2) a translation, (3) a supplementary work, (4) a part of a movie or other audiovisual […]
work made for hire 僱佣作品 包括两种情况：１僱员在其受雇工作范围内完成的作品；２某些特定种类的委托作品，当事人书面约定将其视为僱佣作品。根据美国版权法，僱佣作品的「作者」为僱主或委托人，由其享有作品的版权。对于第二种情况，美国版权法规定是指：专门用作集体作品〔collective work〕的组成部分、电影作品或其他视听作品〔audiovisual work〕的组成部分、翻译作品、增补作品、编辑作品、教材、考试、考试的答案材料、地图作品而受命或受委托创作的作品，并经当事人在书面文件中明确约定将其视为僱佣作品。亦作「work for hire」。
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Oil & gas. A contract under which the lease operator hires a drilling rig and oilfield workers, pays an amount based on the time spent in drilling operations, and retains the right to direct drilling operations. • This type of contract gives the lease operator broad control over the drilling contractor, so courts in turn
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work permit. An alien’s documentary work authorization from the Immigration and Naturalization Service. • Under the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, it is illegal for an employer to hire an alien who lacks a work permit. 8 USCA § 1324(a)(1). — Also termed working papers.
hireling, n. A person who is hired or serves for wages, esp. one who works only for the sake of payments. [Cases: Master and Servant 1. C.J.S. Apprentices §§ 2, 11; Employer–Employee Relationship §§ 2–3, 6–12.]
working papers. 1. WORK PERMIT; esp., an employment certificate or permit required of an employer in some states before a minor may be hired. 2. Accounting. The records kept by an independent auditor of the procedures followed, tests performed, information obtained, and conclusions reached in an audit.
author. 1. Copyright. The person who creates an expressive work, or the person or business that hires another to create an expressive work. • In copyright law, “author” applies to a broad range of occupations, including writers, artists, programmers, choreographers, and translators. [Cases: Copyrights and Intellectual Property 41(1).] 2. One from whom a right or
A shop in which the employer hires nonunion workers on the understanding that they will become union members within a specified period. — Also termed open shop.
locator (loh-kay-t[schwa]r), n. [Latin] 1. Roman law. (usu. ital.) One who lets out property or services for reward, or who contracts to have another person (the conductor) perform work for reward; a lessor or landlord. See CONDUCTOR(2). locator operarum, n. One who offers one’s labor for hire, esp. as a day laboror. locator operas faciendi,
conductor (k[schwa]n-d[schwa]k-t[schwa]r or -tor), n. [Latin “one who hires”] Roman law. 1. A lessee or a person who hires the services of another; a hirer. 2. A person hired to make a specific work; a contractor. • A contractor, esp. for the provision of public services, was also called manceps or redemptor. See MANCEPS; LOCATOR(1).